Grid-forming inverters are a pivotal technology in the transition to renewable energy systems, playing a critical role in stabilizing and managing power grids with high shares of converter-based resources. Unlike conventional grid-following inverters, grid-forming inverters can establish and regulate grid voltage and frequency, making them indispensable in scenarios with low system inertia or even in entirely inverter-based grids.
These inverters are essential for enabling the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as photovoltaics, wind turbines, and energy storage systems, into the grid. Their ability to provide virtual inertia, support islanded operations, and stabilize weak or isolated grids makes them an advanced solution for modern power systems.
The successful deployment of grid-forming inverters requires rigorous testing, validation of their interoperability with existing and future grid infrastructure, and the development of detailed models to understand their dynamic behavior under various scenarios.